In recent years, news about myopia surgery has emerged one after another. Many people choose to have surgery in order to take off their glasses, because it can help myopic people regain bright eyes in only more than ten minutes. Can myopia be cured? Life times interviewed authoritative ophthalmologists to clarify common questions about myopia surgery.
four conditions must be met before myopia surgery can be performed.
Myopia is a common eye disease, which has a great impact on vision. According to the survey of the Ministry of education and the former Ministry of health, the myopia rate of primary school students in China exceeds 25%, that of junior high school students is nearly 70%, and that of senior high school students is 85%. The myopia rate is increasing at a rate of 8% every year, ranking first in the world.
Liang Ge, director of Ophthalmology of the Second Artillery General Hospital of the Chinese people’s Liberation Army, told the life times that nowadays, the most common method to treat myopia is excimer laser correction surgery (hereinafter referred to as “laser surgery”), but many people know little about this surgery, and there are some misunderstandings.
Myopia is caused by the long anterior posterior diameter of the eyeball, the convex cornea, and the inability of external light to converge accurately on the fundus. Laser surgery for myopia is to use the laser beam to change the curvature of the anterior surface of the cornea to correct the refractive error of the eye. Generally speaking, it is to “grind” a pair of suitable glasses on the cornea, so that external light can accurately converge on the fundus of the eye for imaging, so as to correct myopia.
There are 4 conditions for laser surgery. Not all people with myopia are suitable for excimer laser correction surgery, which mainly depends on the state of the eyes. Generally speaking, it is OK to meet four conditions: 1. Be over 18 years old; 2. The degree has been stable in the past two years; 3. Stable refraction for two years, good corrected vision and no other eye diseases; 4. There is no operation contraindication after examination.
Some people think that laser surgery is effective only for people with high power. In fact, people with myopia, high myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism from 100 to 3000 degrees can receive surgery. As long as their vision is not too bad, most myopia patients can get satisfactory results through laser surgery.
clarify 8 questions about myopia surgery
Some data show that about 1.5 million myopic people in China receive myopia surgery every year. Does this mean that these people may also face the pain of complications after many years?
1 how many methods are there for myopia surgery
At present, there are mainly two kinds of myopia treatment operations: one is excimer laser surgery; The other is posterior chamber refractive intraocular lens implantation, which is often called refractive lens surgery. The industry calls refractive crystal surgery “additive surgery” and excimer laser surgery “subtractive surgery”.
Refractive lens surgery refers to the operation of adding intraocular lens into the eye and placing the crystal in the safe area in front of the human lens to achieve the effect of correcting vision. Excimer laser is used to correct myopia by refractive cutting the stromal layer under the corneal flap and reducing the corneal curvature in the pupil area. This is also the most commonly used method at present.
2 how high is the success rate of myopia surgery
Whether the operation for myopia is successful depends not only on the recovery of vision, but also on the visual quality, including whether the distance, daytime vision are comfortable, whether the eyes are balanced, and how the stereoscopic sense is. Now myopia surgery can be personalized according to the specific situation of the patient’s eyes, so the total satisfaction rate has reached 97% ~ 98%.
3 what are the factors that affect the success of surgery
What worries professionals most is that excimer laser surgery is blooming everywhere, and can be done anywhere, but the supervision of equipment and surgical personnel is very weak. For example, for the most basic optometry, there is no professional optometrist in many places, and the information obtained by the machine is not accurate. It is conceivable that the surgical problems.
In addition, the blades are not updated as required. The Shanghai ophthalmic quality control center tracks and monitors the equipment for such operations every year. For some irresponsible medical institutions, the Shanghai ophthalmic quality control center has also strengthened the inspection of surgical blades. For example, in 2010, it was found that a blade in some hospitals used 2-3 patients, In 2011, all medical institutions in Shanghai were able to strictly implement the regulation that a knife can only be operated on one patient.
4 will there be complications after the operation
Complications mainly refer to the adverse effects directly caused by the operation, mainly including the following three situations: inflammation caused after the operation, haze after the operation, keratoconus after the operation, and even blindness. However, these situations only account for a very small part at present.
5 will myopia stop after surgery
At present, all surgical treatment methods for myopia belong to “symptomatic” treatment, not “cause” treatment. For example, excimer laser surgery can only “correct vision”, but not “cure” myopia.
For people with high myopia, myopia may occur repeatedly. And after surgery, if you don’t pay attention to eye habits and eye hygiene, your vision will also decline again.
If your vision drops again, with current technology, you can have a second excimer laser operation or wear contact lenses. In the United States, 10% of postoperative patients wear contact lenses.
6 what should we pay attention to before surgery
Before the operation, you must make preparations according to the doctor’s requirements, keep your eyes in the best condition, don’t stay up late and relax, stop wearing contact lenses two weeks in advance, and ask for antibiotic eye drops three days before the operation.
Because there are many bacteria and other microorganisms in the conjunctival sac of normal people, preoperative medication can greatly reduce the chance of infection. Some patients will have an operation when they come. We can only ask them to order antibiotic eyedrops many times a day, but we do not advocate this.
7 what should we pay attention to after surgery
After the operation, everything is not all right. Specifically, the following things need to be done well:
Eye protection: the first week after surgery is the key period. Avoid rubbing eyes and water in the eyes. It is best to go to the barber’s to dry clean hair within a week.
Medication dispensing: dispense medication according to the doctor’s requirements. Improper postoperative medication will also affect the surgical effect.
Reexamination: make sure to follow the doctor’s advice and reexamine the intraocular pressure regularly to avoid hormone glaucoma.
Eye use: wound healing needs a process, and there will be a period of recovery after surgery, so pay attention to rest within a week. It is best to avoid long-term high-intensity eye use within a month.
Driving: try to reduce driving at night within a month, and pay attention to driving during the day.
Exercise: within one week after surgery, avoid sweat flowing into your eyes during vigorous activities. Avoid sports that may cause impact on the head and eyes, especially those with high myopia. Because of their poor fundus status, they should pay more attention to protection. Swimming was forbidden within 40 days after operation.
Make up: it’s better not to make up within three days after surgery to avoid touching the eyes. It is better not to draw eyeliner and apply eye black within two weeks.
8 if you need to face the computer for a long time after surgery, will it affect the postoperative effect
Most of the patients receiving excimer surgery are over 18 years old, and their myopia is relatively stable. Facing computers and TV after surgery will not affect the surgical effect, but they should also take a proper rest and not be overly tired.
Eat more fruits, especially citrus fruits. You should also eat more green vegetables, grain, fish and eggs. In addition, drinking more water can also help reduce dry eyes.
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