As adolescence is a special period of physical and mental development, health at this time is of decisive significance to future study, work and life. Therefore, adolescent health care knowledge must be understood and put into practice by boys and girls.
Female adolescent physiological health care mainly focuses on breast care and menstrual hygiene.
Breast care
The development of puberty breast marks the beginning of maturity of adolescent girls. The bulging breasts also reflect the curvaceous beauty and healthy beauty unique to women’s mature body shape. It also prepares the conditions for nursing babies in the future. In addition, breast protection and health care are the main aspects of female adolescent health. Some phenomena in the process of breast development may cause confusion and anxiety among young girls, such as whether to wear a bra Breast dysplasia, breast too small or too large, uneven breast on both sides, breast deformity and breast mass.
Here are the health doctor’s suggestions:
(l) Young girls should not girdle their breasts
Girls in puberty must not wear tight underwear. Corset is harmful to the development and health of young girls.
First, the heart, lungs and large blood vessels are compressed during chest banding, which affects the normal development of the body’s internal organs.
Second, chest banding will affect respiratory function. Under normal circumstances, chest breathing and abdominal breathing are coordinated to ensure normal gas exchange of the human body; Chest banding affects chest breathing, so that the chest can not be fully expanded, the lung tissue can not be fully stretched, and the amount of inhaled air is reduced, thus affecting the supply of oxygen throughout the body.
Third, breast banding compresses the breast, causing poor blood circulation, resulting in blood stasis in the lower part of the breast, causing pain, breast swelling and discomfort, and even nipple invagination, poor breast development, affecting fitness, and making it difficult to breastfeed in the future. Therefore, we should repeatedly publicize the dangers of breast banding. Girls should be encouraged to tell their mothers about breast development so that they can get necessary health care guidance in time.
(2) Wear a suitable bra
After breast development is basically finalized, girls should be guided to choose and wear suitable bras in time. A girl’s breast development is basically finalized at about 15 years old, but there are large individual differences. Generally, a soft ruler can be used to measure from the upper edge of the breast to the lower edge through the nipple. When the distance between the upper and lower sides is more than 16 cm, she can wear a bra. Wearing a bra has the following advantages:
First, show the beauty of women’s body shape;
Second, support the breast to prevent sagging;
Third, it can prevent breast diseases caused by blood stasis in the lower part of the breast;
Fourth, reduce the local pressure of the heart, promote the smooth blood circulation, and facilitate the development of lactation;
Fifth, reduce breast vibration caused by sports or physical labor, and also avoid breast injury;
Sixth, protect the nipple from abrasion or tenderness; In autumn and winter, bras also keep warm.
In short, bra is not only an ornament but also a necessary key protection product for women. Because girls have different body types and breast sizes, they must choose a bra of appropriate size and feel comfortable without tightness after wearing it. We should also change the bra at any time according to the changes in fat and thin during the development of the body. Never force yourself to wear an inappropriate bra in pursuit of body beauty. The bra should be soft and absorbent. Wash and change frequently and keep clean. Take off your bra when you go to bed at night. It’s a habit to wear bras. No matter in spring, summer, autumn or winter, I will persist until my old age.
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(3) Hygiene of breast
Adolescent girls, due to endocrine reasons, may have breast swelling pain and nipple itching pain before and after the menstrual cycle. At this time, girls must not squeeze their breasts or pick their nipples at will, so as to avoid causing a breach and infection. Wash nipples, areola and breasts frequently. Because there are many glands in the areola, which secrete oil-like substances, it can protect the skin, but it will also be contaminated with dirt and produce redness and swelling, so it is necessary to keep the breast clean and hygienic.
(4) Mammary dysplasia
If you find that the breast is too small or too large, the development of both sides of the breast is uneven, the breast is not developed, the breast is deformed, and the breast lump is found, don’t panic. If these conditions are found, one is to promote the development of chest muscles through bodybuilding, so that the breasts appear plump; The second is to conduct appropriate treatment under the guidance of doctors. Young girls can’t determine whether their breasts are dysplastic until their bodies are developed and finalized and their sex is fully mature. Don’t make premature conclusions.
Menstrual care
Young girls often feel frightened and uneasy about the first vaginal bleeding; When you know that it is normal menarche, you may be at a loss about how to deal with your menstruation. Therefore, it is necessary to learn about menstrual hygiene before menarche.
Menstruation is a process in which women’s endometrium is stripped and menstrual blood is discharged from the vagina. During menstruation, because the endometrium falls off, a wound is formed. The normal acidic environment in the vagina may also be diluted by menstrual blood exudation.
At the same time, the cervix mouth is slightly open, and the pelvic cavity is congested, which leads to the decline of the local defense function of the reproductive organs. If you don’t pay attention to hygiene, bacteria can easily invade the reproductive organs. In the menstrual period of young girls, the excitement of the brain decreases, the resistance of the whole body decreases, and the body is prone to fatigue, colds and other diseases. Therefore, adolescent girls should be instructed to pay attention to health care during menstruation.
(1) Keep the vulva clean. Wash the vulva frequently with clean warm water to avoid menstrual blood crusting. When cleaning the vulva, do not immerse your lower body in water. To prevent dirty water from penetrating into the vagina. You can’t wash your vulva with foot towels and foot washing water. The basin for washing the vulva should also be separated from the foot basin. When using toilet paper after defecation, wipe it from front to back, so as to avoid bringing bacteria around the anus to the vulva.
(2) Maintain an optimistic and stable mood during menstruation, young girls often become irritable, irritable or depressed due to some physical discomfort, such as breast swelling, waist acid, abdominal distension, headache, and emotional fluctuations in turn affect menstruation. Keeping a comfortable mood and self regulating emotions can reduce the uncomfortable feeling of menstruation and prevent menstrual disorders.
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